Crime Classification Manual Introduction 11

 

Crime Classification Manual

A STANDARD SYSTEM FOR INVESTIGATING AND CLASSIFYING VIOLENT CRIMES

SECOND EDITION

 

John E. Douglas, Ann W. Burgess, Allen G. Burgess, and Robert K. Ressler,

Editors

 

CLASSIFICATION BY TYPE, STYLE, AND NUMBER OF VICTIMS

Crimes may be classified by type, style, and number of victims. Using the homicide classification as an example, a single homicide is one victim and one homicidal event. A double homicide is two victims, one event, and in one location. A triple homicide has three victims in one location during one event. Anything beyond three victims is classified as a mass murder—that is, a homicide involving four or more victims in one location and within one event.


Two additional types of multiple murders are spree murder and serial murder. A spree murder involves killing at two or more locations with no emotional cooling-off period between murders. The killings are all the result of a single event, which can be of short or long duration. Serial murders are involved in three or more separate events with an emotional cooling-off period between homicides. At a 2005 FBI conference on serial murder, dis- cussion focused on whether to classify a serial crime with two or more sep- arate events. 

Exhibit I.1 is a worksheet that outlines the defining characteristics of each of the categories. Under each characteristic are some of the aspects that will assist investigators in classifying the offense.

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